The idea
A percentage is a number of parts out of 100. Fractions, decimals and percentages are different ways to show the same proportion.

Follow these steps
- Find 10%, 1% or another useful unit percentage.
- Scale that value to the percentage required.
- Check whether the answer should be smaller or larger than the starting amount.
percentage = amount ÷ 100 × rate
See the method in action
Example 1
Asha scores 72 out of 80; Ben scores 16 out of 40. By how many percentage points is Asha's score higher?
- Convert 72/80 and 16/40 to percentages.
- Subtract the second percentage from the first.
- Therefore the answer is 50 percentage points.
Example 2
At a sports event, 50% of 160 juniors and 20% of 100 seniors choose athletics. How many more juniors than seniors choose athletics?
- Find 50% of 160.
- Find 20% of 100, then compare the numbers.
- Therefore the answer is 60 people.
A useful shortcut
For reverse percentages, divide by the percentage represented—not the percentage change.
Watch out for these
Using the final value as 100%
In a reverse problem, the final value represents the percentage left.
Three fresh questions
Ready to check the method? You will get three fresh, validated questions.