OPERATIONS

Short Multiplication

Learn the reliable method for short multiplication, then apply it to 11+ exam-style questions.

1 · WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

The idea

Accurate arithmetic keeps each digit in its correct place-value column.

Picture itLine up the operation one step at a time
Bowls, fruit, scales and a measuring jug showing ratio and measurement in baking
2 · THE METHOD

Follow these steps

  1. Align equal place values.
  2. Calculate from right to left, regrouping when necessary.
  3. Estimate first and use the inverse operation to check the result.
3 · WORKED EXAMPLES

See the method in action

Example 1

There are 6 trays with 21 cakes on each tray. How many cakes are there altogether?

  1. Each of the 6 trays holds 21 cakes.
  2. Multiply the number of trays by the cakes per tray: 6 × 21 = 126 cakes.
Answer: 126
Example 2

8 tickets cost £7 each. A booking fee of £46 is added. What is the total cost?

  1. Ticket cost is 8 × £7 = £56.
  2. Adding the £46 fee gives £102.
Answer: £102
4 · ELEVENSPRINT TIP

A useful shortcut

Estimate first and use the inverse operation to check the result.

5 · COMMON MISTAKES

Watch out for these

6 · TRY IT YOURSELF

Three fresh questions

Ready to check the method? You will get three fresh, validated questions.