OPERATIONS

Long Multiplication

Learn the reliable method for long multiplication, then apply it to 11+ exam-style questions.

1 · WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

The idea

Long multiplication builds a product from place-value partial products.

Picture itLine up the operation one step at a time
2 · THE METHOD

Follow these steps

  1. Multiply by the units digit.
  2. Multiply by the tens or hundreds digit with the correct place-value shift.
  3. Add the partial products and estimate-check.
3 · WORKED EXAMPLES

See the method in action

Example 1

There are 7 trays with 14 cakes on each tray. How many cakes are there altogether?

  1. Each of the 7 trays holds 14 cakes.
  2. Multiply the number of trays by the cakes per tray: 7 × 14 = 98 cakes.
Answer: 98
Example 2

A theatre has 38 rows of 252 seats and adds 59 removable seats. What is its total capacity?

  1. The fixed seating is 38 × 252 = 9576.
  2. Add 59 removable seats to obtain 9635.
Answer: 9635
4 · ELEVENSPRINT TIP

A useful shortcut

Add the partial products and estimate-check.

5 · COMMON MISTAKES

Watch out for these

6 · TRY IT YOURSELF

Three fresh questions

Ready to check the method? You will get three fresh, validated questions.